Tsunamis: What are they and how do you happen?

On Tuesday, a strong earthquake of 8.8 shook the size of the area surrounding the Russian island of Kamshateka, which led to the issuance of tsunami warnings all over the world. From Hawaii to Japan and the British coast of Colombia to Chile and Australia, people have been warned that high water could be overwhelmed by their coasts.

On 2004, many people remember the Tsunami Boxing Day, which followed an earthquake of 9.1 off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. More than 280,000 people died, and more than a million people were displaced in South Asia and East Africa.

There was another unforgettable, tragic, and tantami earthquake was the Tuoko event in 2011, which was forced to close the Fukushima Nuclear Energy Station in Japan and kill more than 15,000 people.

It is clear that the tsunami happens, but how many times and how dangerous it is? Here are some tsunami facts.

What is tsunami?

The answer is simply less than what some imagine.

Most people tend to think of a single large wave that reaches the coast. But tsunami is actually a series of waves, resulting from the displacement of water in the ocean. Water levels can be raised by centimeters to dozens of meters and can wash homes, buildings and people.

Tsunami travels in all directions and can move across the entire ocean basin – as we saw with the Camshatka earthquake on Tuesday, which traveled along the North Pacific to the South Pacific to distant places like New Zealand.

They are not only staying on the coast. They can travel to the highest rivers and bays and can continue for several hours or days because they are sitting back and forth across the ocean basin.

Katsu Goda, associate professor of Earth Sciences at Western University and head of Canada’s research in assessing multiple risks, explained that if your finger holds in a bowl of water, you will see small ripples, not just one wave.

What causes tsunami?

Eighty percent of tsunami It is created by earthquakes, but this is not their only source.

It can be caused by landslides over and over the ocean. It can be rarely caused by changes in the atmosphere. This is called meteotsunamis. In fact, one is believed It happened on the Superior Lake In June, near the Bay of Thunder, UNT.

Juda said that the underwater landslides could revolve around relatively medium earthquakes. These terrestrial collapses can extend to hundreds of kilometers, causing a large displacement of water that Lynne transmits up to cause tsunami.

It is also important to understand that although the earthquake has a disk center, it already occurs at a distance of one hundred kilometers or more.

When it occurs in the ocean, this is a lot of displaced water.

How common?

Juda said that Tsunamis – especially the big events such as the events of Sumatra and Tuoku – are rare.

“We believe that these (talk) at least a few hundred to a thousand years … for one location,” he said.

According to Global historical tsunami databaseAlmost dangerous tsunami occurs twice a year. The larger tsunami that causes damage or deaths over 1000 km occurs almost twice in the nodes.

Is Canada in danger?

When Tsunami warnings were issued on Tuesday, I included them A lot of BC coast.

The boycott is not alien to earthquake or tsunami threats. This is because the southwestern part of the province sits over the border between the Juan de Voca plate and the North American continental plate. The border is called CASCADIA and extends 1,000 km from the northern Vancouver to the northern California.

The earthquakes that occur in the CASCADIA cutting area are called huge earthquakes, with the rupture area sits in the west of Vancouver. This is a potential “one” source of BC, which is an earthquake with a size of nine or more.

“The Big One” is the area that we must be prepared for, “said Juda. “If this happens, there are some things similar to Tohoku or Sumatra will happen. That’s what we expect, as you know, a tsunami will happen from 10 to 15 meters or even 20 meters on the coast.”

According to the natural resources in Canada, these earthquakes occur every 200 to 800 years. And if there is “the big”, there will be only a gap from 15 to 30 minutes between the earthquake and the first first tsunami.

But there is also the eastern coast.

Although it is almost not active like the “Fire loop” in the Pacific Ocean-a horseshoe area with an area of 40,000 km known for its seismic activity-there is an error in the center of the Northern Atlantic.

In fact, there was an earthquake of 7.4 size in November 1929 that caused a landslide in the depth of the ocean, which led to a tsunami Getting waves from three to seven meters In Nova Scotia. In Newfoundland, the waves reached 13 meters.

Juda said that although there is no way to stop a tsunami, it is important that you have good warning systems.

This seems to be the case with this last earthquake and tuni.

“I think it is extremely difficult to prevent the same wave, it is like – in my opinion – enormous energy,” he said.

“I think the only solution is to evacuate the saving of people’s lives. So early warning is important, and the training of the evacuation is important, and there should be a place that people can reverse.”