BBC News Climate and Science

Global talks to develop a prominent treaty to end plastic pollution failed again.
The United Nations negotiations, the sixth round of talks in less than three years, were scheduled to end on Thursday, but the two countries continued to negotiate at night in the hope of a dead end.
There has been a division between a group of about 100 countries calling for restrictions on plastic production, and oil situations are pushing to focus on recycling.
Speaking in the early hours, Cuban delegates said that the two countries “lost a historical opportunity, but we have to continue.”
In 2022, the talks were held in response to the increasing scientific evidence of the risks of plastic pollution on human health and the environment.
Despite the benefits of plastic on almost every sector, scientists are particularly concerned about the toxic chemicals that are likely to contain, which can leak when plastic materials are divided into smaller pieces.
Mache plastic has been discovered in soil, rivers, air, and even organs throughout the human body.
The countries had an original deadline to obtain a deal on the line at the end of December last year, but they failed to meet this.
The collapse of the last talks means that it is behind it.
Speaking on behalf of the island, the North Pacific state in Palau said on Friday: “We are repeatedly returning home with insufficient progress to show our people.”
He added: “It is not fair for us to face the weight of another international environmental crisis, we contribute to the minimum.”
The basic line between countries has remained the same all the time: whether the treaty should deal with plastic in the source – by reducing production – or focusing on the pollution management that comes from it.
The largest plastic oil producing countries, which are made using fossil fuels, are exposed as a vital part of its future economies, especially since the world begins away from gasoline and diesel towards electric cars.
The group, which includes the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Russia, argues that Better Estruption Borning and recycling are the best way to solve the problem, a view that many producers themselves shared.
“Plastic is essential for modern life – they go in everything,” said Ross Eisenberg, head of the beauty makers in America, a commercial association for the Plastic Production Industry in the United States.
“The focus on ending plastic pollution should be the priority here, not to end plastic production,” added, a warning that attempts to replace plastic materials with other materials can lead to “unintended consequences.”
But many researchers warn that this approach is mainly defective. Global recycling rates are only about 10 %, with limits to the range that can rise.
“Even if we can enhance this over the next few decades to 15, 20 and 30 %, this will remain a large amount that pollutes the environment and cancels human health,” said Dr. Kostas Filce, Associate Professor of Waste and Resources Engineering at the Imperial College College in London.
“Therefore, we need to improve recycling … but we cannot really hope that this is all aspects of plastic,” he added.
Plastic production has already increased from two million tons in 1950 to about 475 million in 2022 – and is expected to continue to rise without additional measures.
About 100 countries, which include the UK and the European Union, were pushing for restrictions on production in the treaty and a more consistent design worldwide to make recycling easier.
This may be simple as being one plastic bottles – when using dyes, the products only bring half of the value of clear bottles.
This approach has been supported by the main plastic packages, including Nestle and Unilever, which are part of the Ellen Mac Arthur Foundation.
The coalition also said that the two countries must consider their plans to add a small tax on plastic products to help pay the price of recycling efforts, known as the responsibility of the extended product.
Group estimates This may lead to twice the revenues of countries to $ 576 billion (425 billion pounds) between now and 2040.

The talks were scheduled to end on Thursday, but the two countries continued to negotiate at night in the hope of breaking a dead end.
The chair, Luis Fayas from Ecuador, produced a new text that seemed to be in line with the UK group request.
The text did not call for a cover on the plastic production that the UK wanted.
But it included reference to countries that take their own steps to address other issues such as dangerous plastic chemicals and the design of plastic materials to facilitate recycling.
Speaking at the final meeting, the European Union delegation said: “We see the results of this session as a good basis for future negotiations.”
However, oil cases remained very unhappy. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia said that it found that the negotiation process was “a problem” while Kuwait said that its opinions “are not reflected.”
But many environmental groups, which were interacting with collapse, were disposed of against what they see as a priority for profit by oil cases on the health of the planet.
“The inability to reach an agreement in Geneva should be an invitation to wake up to the world: ending plastic pollution means facing fossil fuel interests face to face.
“The vast majority of governments want a strong agreement, but a handful of bad actors has been allowed to use the process to push such ambition to the ground.”
The president announced that the talks will resume at a later time.

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