Can the American and Saudi -backed proposal lead to peace in Sudan? | Sudan war news

A joint peace initiative proposed by the United States, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates have been published only on Friday, but success appears to be not already.

The United Nations estimates that about 40,000 people were killed in the fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the semi -military rapid support forces (RSF), but the number of deaths may be much higher. A collection of research was estimated last November 60,000 died As a result of the war – directly from violence, or indirectly from hunger and disease – in the case of Khartoum alone.

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Nearly 13 million people were displaced in Sudan, according to figures from the United Nations. About half of those who are still suffering from acute food insecurity, with the definition of starvation in parts of the country and expected by deployment agencies.

Several attempts to stop the fighting have already failed. Can the last plan be different?

What is in the latest peace proposal?

In the end an offerWhich was published on Friday, the alleged “quadruple” countries-the United States, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Egypt, called for a three-month humanitarian truce in the fighting, followed by a permanent ceasefire and the transitional period for a period of nine months, during which the government will assume by a broad tropical government.

The statement said: “There is no military solution to the conflict, and the current situation creates unacceptable suffering and risks to peace and security.”

The proposal also focuses on the Muslim Brotherhood, saying that the future of Sudan cannot be “dictated by violent extremist groups as part of the Muslim brothers or clearly linked.”

Some forces within SAF are loosely aligned with the Muslim Brotherhood, whose members refuse to emphasize that they are violent or extremists. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates consider that the Muslim Brotherhood is a “terrorist” group.

How was the reaction of the two sides in Sudan?

Although RSF did not officially respond to the Quartet peace plan, it was reported that RSF is supported Parallel He welcomed elements from him.

However, the government in Khartoum, which the army created in JuneCriticize that.

In a statement issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the government said that although it welcomed efforts to end the war, it will not accept “interventions that do not respect the sovereignty of the Sudanese state and its legitimate institutions, which are supported by the Sudanese people, and their right to defend its people and its lands.”

Was there previous efforts to stop the fighting?

Yes, they all failed. The conversations have almost continued the length of the conflict. However, with mutual lack of confidence, and common violations accusations, the ceasefire that was reached was passing.

From almost the outbreak of the fighting in April 2023 to May of the same year, there was a series A brief ceasefire operations, all of which have failed to keep them.

One of the first great efforts to stop the fighting from Saudi Arabia and the United States came when they tried to negotiate the ceasefire through what they fired grandmother The platform, which lasted from May to June 2023. However, despite some gains, negotiations collapsed amid mutual accusations of violations and disputes over access to humanitarian aid.

Later that year, East African countries known as the International Development International Authority (IGAD) gathered Declare Both sides have agreed to the ceasefire waiting for direct conversations, only for each side to remove or compete with the claim.

In August 2024, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia tried again, this time, through talks in the Swiss city of Geneva. The intention of negotiations would lead to a ceasefire at the country level. However, SAF objected to the involvement of the United Arab Emirates as observers, accusing the Gulf country to support RSF, and the talks stumbled.

The United Arab Emirates has rejected accusations that it funded and authorized the RSF, saying that its participation in Sudan was completely limited to humanitarian issues.

What is at stake?

One of the largest countries in Africa, the 50 million population of Sudan before the war between the war between SAF and RSF.

In addition to tens of thousands who were killed and millions displaced are the daily cases of what the United Nations observes “executions, torture, and rape“It occurs in many societies that already suffer from the spread of diseases, such as cholera, from a severed infrastructure.

While both sides are accused of committing atrocities, the United Nations has found that RSF committed “crimes against humanity”, including “widespread killings, sexual and sexual violence, looting and destroying livelihoods-sometimes to persecution and genocide.”

According to the World Food Program, a total of 24.6 million people suffer, or about half of the population, Insecurity, While 637,000 faces destroyed levels of hunger.

Famine has already been confirmed in areas such as Zamzam and El-Fasher, and the areas surrounded by RSF for several months, with expectations indicating that if the support is not provided, its spread is almost inevitable.