Are experiences more credible?

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Rola Khaleda, FT editor, chooses her favorite stories in this weekly newsletter.

Imagine an experiment in which (identical) views of major male or major economies are presented to the public. What do you expect to be more convincing? I think my first guess will be “no”, in line with the statement of former British politician Michael Goof Britain’s exit campaign from the European Union People “have enough experts.” And the failure of this, my next glimpse will be “men”, based on research that indicates that there is often there often “The Gap of Power” In the way people see men and women. But when economists Hans Henrik Senfertteen and Sarah Smith did this experience In real life, The results have proven to me a mistake on both charges.

SieverSen and Smith showed about 3000 public members in the United States a series of data on economic issues, from financial organization to sudden and AI taxes. They allowed them to know whether the real life is the economic name agreed upon strongly, and they agreed, unconfirmed, do not agree or do not agree with this statement. Then they asked the person their opinion. The opinions of experts were extracted from a committee Managed by the University of ChicagoWhich regularly raises prominent academic economists at the best American universities on various topics.

The study found that public opinion on these issues was affected by the opinions of economists. The most interesting thing is that economic females were more influential than males. The additional effect of seeing an opinion was expressed by a 20 percent greater female expert of the effect of seeing the same opinion expressed by a male expert.

Why is that? In search of answers, the researchers re -tried, but this time they removed the information about the expert’s accreditation data (the title of their professor and the name of their university). When the only thing the audience knew was that they were “economists”, the gender gap disappeared: men and women were equally convincing with the audience.

As for SieverSen and Smith, the best explanation for their results is that the members of the public assume their own: to become professors in prestigious universities in a male -dominated field, women should be more impressive than men. “Simply put, successful women, successful women, may be seen, if they do” in the stereotypes, as they are better than their male counterparts, “they wrote in their paper.

Some other studies have found a similar phenomenon. In one an experienceAnd academics ran some Game tests In Ethiopia to study whether people followed the advice differently when they were randomly assigned a male or female leader (they were identical otherwise). That experience found that people were less likely to follow the guidelines of the female leader. But when the researchers told a sub -group of people that their leader was highly capable, people became more likely to follow the “high -capacity” female guidance of “high -capacity” males.

Are people right to assume that the woman who succeeded in a male dominated field must be better From their male counterparts? Or is this very unfair for men? Smith told me: “I will not say that we know that women should be better” in reaching the summit in the economy, Smith told me. “But we definitely know that there is a stereotype against women in this process.”

In one studies, for example, machine learning techniques were used to study audio recordings for more than 1700 economic seminars. the analysis I found that female speakers were more frequent and older than male speakers and that additional interruptions greatly stem from female audience members, not males. The study also found that men were more likely to make comments instead of asking female questions.

last Ticket It was found that men had been given possession almost at the same rate, regardless of whether they had participated in writing research papers or wrote to them alone, while women became less likely to receive what the papers they participated in.

Whether the public members are right to assume that the tape is higher for women in some male professions, it is useful to know that the assumption they may do.

For example, if you are a big woman in a male -controlled field and you are about to do something facing the public, this indicates that you must silence the inner voice that the audience may reject or fertilize. In fact, they may think: “You must be seriously impressive because it has reached its place. I will listen to what you say.”

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