How to investigate the Boeing Dreamliner

Less than 40 seconds.

This is the period when the flight of India 171 was carried by air before it launched in a residential neighborhood in Ahmed Abad in one of the rarest airline disasters in India in modern memory.

Investigators are now facing the dark task of sifting the debris, decomposing the audio data recordings and aviation in Boeing 787 Dreamliner to collect what happened wrongly in seconds after taking off. Under the international rules established by the United Nations Aviation Authority ICAOA preliminary investigation report must be issued within 30 days, with the completion of the final report within 12 months.

The aircraft associated with Gatwick London Gatwick, made by Captain Sumit Sabharwal and participated in the pilot Clav Condar, from the city of Ahmedabad, Western Indian at 13:39 local time (08:09 GMT) on Thursday, with 242 people nearly 100 tons of fuel on board the plane. Within a few moments, the May Day call is cracked from the cockpit. The last transfer will be. This was followed by height loss and breakdown.

Captain Kishor Cinta, a former investigator of the AAIB aircraft investigative investigation, is called “rare in rare accidents” – a terrain -controlled trip after only 30 seconds of takeoff. “As far as my knowledge, nothing happened just like this,” he told the BBC.

Did the engines fail due to bird strikes or fuel pollution? Have the panels extended incorrectly, which reduced the lifting on a plane loaded with severe heat? Was there a maintenance error during the engine service? Or did the unintended crew cut fuel into both engines?

Investigators will investigate all these possibilities – and more. Air crash investigations depend on the Trinity and removal – the physical evidence matching the debris with the registered aircraft performance data to build a coherent image of what happened.

Each burnt cable, damaged turbine code, aircraft maintenance record, signs and sounds from flight data and cockpit sound recordings – the so -called “black box” – will be examined. BBC spoke to accident experts to understand how the investigation will continue.

At least three investigators said that the first clues on the ground may come from the wreckage of the engines.

“You can say it is harmful whether the engines generate energy in influence – breaking the turbines differently at a high speed at a high speed,” says Peter Gowls, the former administrative director of the National Transportation Council in the United States (NTSB). “This is the first idea of ​​the mistake that happened.”

Turbines are decisive rotating ingredients that play a major role in energy extraction to generate payment.

“If the engines do not produce strength, investigators have a serious issue on their hands – the focus will turn sharply to the cockpit.”

What happened in the cockpit will be detected by air mobile registrants in Boeing 787 (EAFRS) – or “black boxes” – which, as investigators say, will help tell the story. (Indian officials say the recordings have been recovered from the crash site.)

These devices capture wide flights and cockpit sound – from experimental radio calls to the surrounding cockpit sounds. Vocal recordings come from individual experimental microphones, radio messengers and microphone the area that picks up the background noise in the cockpit.

Data recorders With high accuracy, the location of the equipment, luxury, payment settings, engine performance, fuel flow, and even stimulating the fire handle.

“If the journey data recorder shows that the engines were carrying out complete power, the attention will be transmitted to the paintings and slices. If they are found, it is extended as needed, then this becomes a very difficult investigation,” says Mr. Guls.

The panels and slices increase at lower speeds, which helps a plane to take off and land safely by allowing it to fly slower without stopping.

“If (the corridor) is a problem with the aviation management control system, this would raise serious concerns – not only for Boeing, but for the entire aviation industry.”

Boeing 787 is a very automated wings that manages mobility, performance and guidance. It merges data from a number of sensors to improve the aircraft track and fuel efficiency.

With more than 1,100 Boeing 787s aircraft around the world since 2011, investigators must determine whether this is a systematic problem that can affect the world fleet – or one -time unique failure on this trip, experts say. “If he is indicating a system problem, the organizational bodies must make some difficult decisions very quickly,” says Jewels.

To date, there is no indication of a mistake by anyone. The Ministry of Civil Aviation in India said on Tuesday that the recent inspection of the Fleet of the Airlines in India – 24 of 33 aircraft so far – “has not been revealed by any great safety concern,” adding that planes and maintenance systems have complied with the current standards.

“The Boeing Investigation Office in India (AAIB) will display information on India’s Air flight 171, in line with the United Nations Protocol to Eco,” said Boeing President and CEO Kelly Ordrag on June 12.

Decoding data in AAIB The Indian investigators will lead in the laboratory in Delhi, with experts from Boeing, the Geneous Machine maker, Air India and Indian organizers. Investigators from NTSB and the United Kingdom will also participate.

“In my experience, the teams can usually determine what happened somewhat quickly,” says Jewels. “But understanding the reason for its occurrence may take longer.”

Hadam may result in other evidence. “Each part – wire, walnut, Bolt – accurately will be collected,” says Mr. Cinta.

The debris is usually transferred to a nearby barn or a safe facility, developed to determine the nose, tail and wing, and then assembled together. In this case, depending on what the flight and audio data reveal, the full reconstruction may not be necessary, the investigators say.

Investigators say that the importance of debris vary by chance. to Malaysia Airlines flight MH17It was dropped over eastern Ukraine in July 2014, it was very important that the rebuilding of the nose revealed severe damage to the Russian missile.

In the debris, investigators will also examine fuel filters, lines, valves and fuel to verify pollution – which is easy to discover or exclude, according to a collision investigator who prefers to stay without his name. He also believed that the fuel equipment used before leaving “is likely to have been prohibited and searched already.”

This is not all. Investigators will collect maintenance and error records from the airline and Acres’s Acres (aircraft communications that you take and prepare reports) that transmit data via radio or satellite to Boeing and Air India, says Mr. Chinta.

They will review all the flights run by the plane and the crew in recent months, as well as the technical record of the mistakes reported by the pilot and the corrective measures taken before the planes were launched to service.

Investigators will also examine experimental licenses, training records, simulation performance and teacher notes – including how pilots deal with scenarios such as engine failure in advanced airline simulation devices. “I think Air India would have already provided these records for the investigation team,” says Cinta.

Investigators will review the date of service for all the components of the aircraft that have been removed and replaced, and to examine the defects reported for any frequent problems – or signs of problems that can affect this flight.

“These investigations are unusually complicated,” Jewels says. “It takes time, but there will be early indications of what happened to be a mistake,” says Joels.

A great reason is the extent of technology. He says: “It was one of the first incidents in which I looked in 1994 in the airline data recorder only followed four parameters,” he says.

“Today’s records of hundreds – if not thousands – every second. It has only turned the way we achieve accidents.”

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